Chiswick, in West London, is part of the London Borough of Hounslow. It was historically a fishing and farming community, but as London grew in population during the 18th and 19th centuries it became a well-to-do suburb, with many fine Georgian and Victorian houses. A large number of historic homes in Chiswick are protected by inclusion in the many conservation areas which have been designated by the local authority. London’s first “garden suburb”, at Bedford Park, was originally advertised as being in Chiswick, but the majority of the Bedford Park conservation area lies within the neighboring borough of Ealing.
Most of early Chiswick lay near to the parish church of St Nicholas. Fishing and farming were the main activities of the inhabitants, and every year there was a large cheese fair at Dukes Meadow. As England became an industrialized and heavily populated country, rivers such as the Thames were badly affected by pollution. Fishing was also affected by locks which were introduced, stopping species like salmon from reaching their spawning grounds.
Brewing is one of the oldest activities in the area. Fuller’s Brewery (established 1845) still operates on the site of the earlier Griffin Brewery, so that beer has been brewed on the site for more than 300 years. In recent years three beers from this brewery (Chiswick Bitter, ESB, and London Pride) have been named as Champion Beer of Britain.
Many of the houses in Chiswick were built during the Georgian and Victorian periods. Chiswick was becoming a suburb for the well-to-do, who could commute into central London from here every day. The area’s suburban housing stock includes many fine properties with original features such as sash windows, and intricate plaster mouldings.
The Borough of Hounslow has designated large parts of Chiswick as conservation areas. In a similar way the nearby Bedford Park area, which was London’s first-ever garden suburb, has been protected by the neighboring borough (Ealing).
As with all conservation areas in England, the precise restrictions on building are determined by the local authority, rather than being laid down nationally. Typically the rules may differ between boroughs, depending on what each authority feels is important for the character of its own area with special historic and architectural importance.
For example in some areas, loft extensions may not be allowed because they are felt to spoil the roof-line of the buildings, while in other areas there may be completely different restrictions. Generally local authorities will be happy with developments which retain the original character of a building, for example refurbished sash windows are much more likely to be approved than the use of modern replacement windows.
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